潛水電泵是（shì）深井提水的主要設備（bèi）。運（yùn）用時整個機組（zǔ）潛入水中作業。把（bǎ）地（dì）下水獲取到地表，是日子用水（shuǐ）、礦山（shān）搶險、工（gōng）業冷卻、農田灌溉、海水潛水泵提高、輪（lún）船（chuán）調載，還可用於噴（pēn）泉景象，熱水潛水（shuǐ）泵用於溫泉洗浴，還可適用於從深井中獲取地下水，也可用於河流、水（shuǐ）庫、水渠等提水工（gōng）程。主要用於農田灌溉及高山區人畜用（yòng）水，亦可供中央空調（diào）冷卻、熱泵機組、冷（lěng）泵自吸泵機組、城市、工廠、鐵路、礦山、工地排水運用。通常流量可以到達(10立方（fāng）米~650立方米)每（měi）小時、揚程可到達1500米（mǐ）。那麽，潛水電泵運用（yòng）中有哪些注意事項？

1、不能接地

潛水泵采納維護接地是（shì）國家強管（guǎn）道離心泵製（zhì）性標準的請求（qiú）。隻需（xū）采納維護接地，才幹保（bǎo）證運（yùn）用時的人身安全。假如沒有維護接地，一旦外殼漏電，就構成潛水泵出水口處的（de）水及抽水的水麵帶電，危及人畜安全，同時糟蹋大（dà）量（liàng）電能。若將潛水泵（bèng）的金屬外殼與（yǔ）契合標準的接地體(接地電阻不大於4Ω)接（jiē）地銜接，當潛水泵外殼漏電時，電流經潛水泵金屬外殼、維護接地線、接地體、大地、變（biàn）壓器（qì）的作業接地線和電源構成一個閉合回路，當漏電流過大時，特別是前（qián）方碰殼時，就能使潛水泵的維護裝置動作(熔斷器熔斷或空氣（qì）開關跳閘（zhá）)，堵截漏（lòu）電（diàn）潛水泵的電源。

2、不裝（zhuāng）置漏電維護器（qì）

潛水泵作業在（zài）水中，容易漏電構（gòu）成電（diàn）能丟失乃至引起觸電事端。假如裝有漏（lòu）電維護（hù）器，隻需潛水泵（bèng）漏（lòu）電值超越（yuè）漏電維護器的動作電流值(通常不超越（yuè）30mA)，漏電維（wéi）護器就會堵截潛水泵（bèng）的電源。

3、電源電壓反常時開（kāi）機（jī）

電壓過高和過低（dī）都會使潛水泵溫升過高，縮短（duǎn）運用壽命乃至焚毀潛水泵。鄉村由於低壓供電線路比較（jiào）長，線路末端電壓過低、始端電壓過高是常有的事（shì）。因而，在運用潛水泵的過程（chéng）中，操作者（zhě）有必要隨時調（diào）查電源（yuán）電壓值，若低於額外電壓10%以下，高於額外電壓10%以上，或電流大於潛水泵額外電流的20%時，應當即停機，並防（fáng）止電（diàn）源電壓反常時開機。

4、電機反方向旋（xuán）轉

如（rú）今有很（hěn）多類型的潛水泵正轉和回轉（zhuǎn）皆（jiē）可出水，但回（huí）轉時出（chū）水量小、電流大，回轉時刻長了會損壞電機繞組。因而，潛水電泵入水前應先接電源查看旋轉（zhuǎn）方向是不是準確。若三相潛水泵葉輪倒轉，應當即停機，互（hù）換電纜中三相（xiàng）芯線中（zhōng）任（rèn）意（yì）兩相的接線即可。

5、長時刻超負荷作業

為防止潛水電泵長時刻超負荷作業，不要把低揚程泵用於高揚程作（zuò）業，不要（yào）抽含沙量大(重泥漿)的水，並隨時調查電流值（zhí）是不是在規則的範圍（wéi）內。若發（fā）現電流過大，應停機查看。另外，潛水（shuǐ）泵以水為冷卻源，因而，潛水泵脫水運轉的（de）時刻不宜過長。

6、頻頻開關

潛水（shuǐ）泵（bèng）不宜過（guò）於頻頻發動（dòng），這（zhè）是由於（yú）潛水泵（bèng）停轉時會發生回流，若當即開機，會使電機負載發動，致使發動（dòng）電流過大。因而，停機後（hòu）要等管內（nèi）的存水回流結束才幹再次發動，通常需求間隔5min擺布。

7、在淤泥環境中運用

潛水泵在運用（yòng）時假如沉入泥中，會致使散熱不良而燒壞電機繞組。因而，潛水（shuǐ）泵必定不能在淤泥環（huán）境中運用。為防止潛水泵沉入（rù）淤泥中，應在潛水泵下水前鏟除其作業環境內淤泥，有條件時還（hái）應選用柵門護罩把潛水泵罩住，以防止廢棄物堵住進水柵門，致使電（diàn）機發熱、出水不暢。

8、停用後長時刻放在水中不論不問

潛水泵假如下井（jǐng）後不接連運用，時刻長了會鏽蝕，致使不能發動。因而，停用的潛水泵切忌放在水中不論不問，應每周（zhōu）開機一次，運轉5～10min。長時刻不用時，佳不長時刻浸泡在水（shuǐ）中，應（yīng）放在清水中通電運轉（zhuǎn）幾分鍾，清潔（jié）泵表裏（lǐ）泥漿（jiāng），然後提出水麵擦幹，進行一次大查看，拆開一切部件進行維（wéi）修、擦拭（shì）、除鏽去垢，對易損件進行替換，再重（chóng）新裝配好，塗（tú）漆（qī）防鏽後放在枯燥、無（wú）腐蝕性氣（qì）體的庫房內。

Submersible pump is the main equipment for deep well water lifting. During operation, the whole unit is submerged for operation. It can be used for daily water use, mine rescue, industrial cooling, farmland irrigation, sea water submersible pump improvement, ship load adjustment, fountain scene, hot water submersible pump for hot spring bathing, deep well groundwater, river flow, reservoir, canal and other water lifting projects. It is mainly used for farmland irrigation and water for human and livestock in high mountain areas. It can also be used for central air conditioning cooling, heat pump unit, cold pump self-priming pump unit, city, factory, railway, mine and site drainage. Generally, the flow can reach (10-650 cubic meters) per hour, and the lift can reach 1500 meters. So, what are the precautions in the use of submersible pump?

1. Ungrounded

The adoption of maintenance grounding for submersible pump is the request of national strong pipeline centrifugal pump system standard. Only adopt the maintenance grounding, can guarantee the personal safety when using. If there is no maintenance grounding, once the shell leaks electricity, the water at the outlet of the submersible pump and the water surface for pumping are electrified, endangering the safety of people and animals, and wasting a lot of electric energy at the same time. If the metal shell of the submersible pump is connected to the grounding body (the grounding resistance is not more than 4 Ω) that conforms to the national standard, when the shell of the submersible pump leaks, the current will form a closed circuit through the metal shell of the submersible pump, the maintenance grounding wire, the grounding body, the earth, the operation grounding wire of the transformer and the power supply. When the leakage current is too large, especially when the front touches the shell, the maintenance of the submersible pump can be made The device acts (fuse is blown or air switch is tripped), blocking the power supply of leakage submersible pump.

2. No leakage protector

When the submersible pump works in the water, it is easy to leak electricity, resulting in the loss of electric energy and even the cause of electric shock. If a leakage protector is installed, the leakage value of the submersible pump only needs to exceed the action current value of the leakage protector (usually no more than 30mA), and the leakage protector will block the power supply of the submersible pump.

3. Power on when power supply voltage is abnormal

Too high and too low voltage will make the temperature of the submersible pump rise too high, shorten the service life and even burn the submersible pump. Due to the long low-voltage power supply lines in rural areas, it is common that the terminal voltage is too low and the starting voltage is too high. Therefore, in the process of using the submersible pump, it is necessary for the operator to investigate the voltage value of the power supply at any time. If the voltage is less than 10% of the extra voltage, more than 10% of the extra voltage, or the current is more than 20% of the extra current of the submersible pump, the operator should immediately stop the machine and prevent the machine from starting when the voltage of the power supply is abnormal.

4. Reverse rotation of motor

Nowadays, there are many types of submersible pumps that can produce water in both forward rotation and rotation, but when rotating, the water output is small, the current is large, and the motor winding will be damaged if the rotation time is long. Therefore, the submersible pump should be connected to the power supply before entering the water to check whether the rotation direction is accurate. If the impeller of the three-phase submersible pump turns upside down, it shall be shut down immediately, and the wiring of any two phases in the three-phase core wire in the cable can be exchanged.

5. Long time overload operation

In order to prevent the long-term overload operation of the submersible pump, do not use the low head pump for the high head operation, do not pump the water with large sediment content (heavy mud), and investigate whether the current value is within the regular range at any time. If the current is found to be too large, stop the machine and check. In addition, the submersible pump uses water as the cooling source, so the dewatering operation time of the submersible pump should not be too long.

6. Frequency switch

The submersible pump should not be started too frequently, because there will be backflow when the submersible pump stops running. If it is started immediately, the motor will be started with load, resulting in excessive starting current. Therefore, it is necessary to wait for the return of the water in the pipe to start again after the shutdown, usually at an interval of 5min.

7. Application in silt environment

If the submersible pump sinks into the mud, it will cause poor heat dissipation and burn out the motor winding. Therefore, the submersible pump must not be used in the silt environment. In order to prevent the submersible pump from sinking into the sludge, the sludge in its working environment shall be removed before the submersible pump is launched. If possible, the gate shield shall be used to cover the submersible pump to prevent the waste from blocking the water inlet gate, resulting in the motor heating and the water flow is not smooth.

8. Put it in the water for a long time after it is stopped

If the submersible pump is not continuously used after running into the well, it will rust for a long time, resulting in failure to start. Therefore, it is forbidden to put the stopped submersible pump in the water regardless of whether it is not asked. It should be started once a week and operated for 5-10min. When it is not used for a long time, it is best to immerse it in water for a short time. Put it in clean water and power on for a few minutes, clean the mud in the pump meter, then put forward the water surface to dry, conduct a big inspection, dismantle all parts for maintenance, wiping, rust removal and scaling, replace vulnerable parts, reassemble them, and put them in dry and non corrosive gas warehouse after painting and rust prevention.

Author: Li caiyoudao plus

Link: https://www.jianshu.com/p/ab75c949bc44

Source: Jianshu

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